Mmakgoshi is the Chief Executive Officer of the Industrial Development Corporation. She assumed the role on 1 February 2025. Prior to this, she served for more than two decades at the National Treasury of South Africa, holding several Deputy Director-General roles. These included Asset and Liability Management, Tax and Financial Sector Policy, and International and Regional Economic Policy.

During her time at the Treasury, Mmakgoshi represented South Africa on the boards of the African Development Bank, the New Development Bank, and the World Bank – demonstrating deep expertise in macroeconomic strategy, international finance, and development policy.